The first sentence in the image above says little was known in the old days.
But, many matters discovered and explained in the old days have not entered the brains of many of our present-day educators including Mark Seidenberg.
One of the most important theories proposed by Thorndike in 1913 (more than 100 years ago) is that what is learnt in the initial stage is important. New ideas that do not reconcile with old ideas will be rejected by the minds of a majority of people.
There is another quote from even much earlier as follows:
It is what we know already that often prevents us from learning. (Claude Bernard 1813 - 1878)
A kid’s prior knowledge can help or hinder learning. Prior knowledge influences how kids interpret what they are learning. When the knowledge a kid has from previous learning is inaccurate it will interfere or impede new learning.
