The controversy erupted around September 25, 2025, when Dr. Azizah Zain, an associate professor in the Department of Early Childhood Education at Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI), publicly argued that young children—particularly those from urban Malay families—should master Bahasa Melayu (BM) as their foundational language before being introduced to English or other tongues. She emphasized that BM is not just a communication tool but a carrier of national identity ("jati diri") and cultural values, warning that early dominance of English in urban settings could erode these elements and lead to weaker BM proficiency later on. Dr. Azizah called for schools to reaffirm BM as the primary medium of instruction, with English taught as a second language only after BM is solid, citing historical shifts like the 1990s policy making BM the main medium.
